Phoenician: Written right-to-left, consonantal alphabet with no vowels. Letter names often derived from objects (aleph = ox, beth = house).
Greek: Adapted Phoenician around 800 BCE, adding vowels. Early Greek was sometimes written right-to-left or boustrophedon (alternating directions).
Latin: Borrowed from Greek via Etruscan around 700 BCE. Originally used C for both /k/ and /g/ sounds; G was added later (~300 BCE) as a modification of C. The letter K was rarely used, appearing mainly in a few archaic words.